Catching multiple Exceptions

Catching multiple exceptions in C++ involves using separate catch blocks to handle different types of exceptions. When an exception is thrown, the program searches for the first catch block that matches the type of the exception. This approach allows developers to respond specifically to different error types and implement appropriate error-handling mechanisms.

Handling Multiple Exception Types

In a try-catch block, you can define multiple catch statements to catch different exception types separately. Each catch block is responsible for handling a specific type of exception. For instance:

try {
    // Code that may throw different types of exceptions
} catch (std::out_of_range& e) {
    std::cerr << "Out of range error: " << e.what() << std::endl;
} catch (std::invalid_argument& e) {
    std::cerr << "Invalid argument: " << e.what() << std::endl;
} catch (...) {
    std::cerr << "An unknown exception occurred." << std::endl;
}

The Catch-All Handler

The ellipsis (...) can be used as a catch-all handler to catch any exception type that does not match previous catch blocks. This is useful as a fallback to handle unexpected errors.

Order of Catch Blocks

The order matters. More specific exceptions should be caught first, followed by more general exceptions, such as the catch-all handler. This ensures that the appropriate exception is caught and handled.